Road To Cosmos

After the success of Chandrayan-3, ISRO is ready to explore its horizon by launching the country’s first solar mission, Aditya-L1 . The mission gets its name from the Sanskrit word Aditya, which translates to Sun in English, with L1 being the orbit point. This mission would be quite different from the Solar probe of NASA, Parker . The objective is not to study the sun while being very close to its surface but to form a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrange point , 1.5 km away from Earth between our gas giant and planet. A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/ eclipse. This will provide a greater advantage of observing solar activities continuously. This will enable us to study our gas giant and solve mysteries surrounding it, for example, the coronal heating problem: the temperature of the corona gets hotter the more you move from it than what is below it. What this means is the temperature s...

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) , has taken up the challenge to conquer the South Pole of the Moon, with their Chandrayan-3 mission. This mission is being conducted after 4 years of the Chandrayan-2, which unfortunately crashed into the Lunar surface. The whole country awaits its successful landing at 6:04 pm (IST) on 23rd August 2023. Understanding the significance of the South Pole Since 1994 missions conducted by NASA , we determined the signs of water on the Lunar Surface, and with Chandrayan-1(ISRO) we confirmed these signs. Although we never actually traversed the south pole of the moon. Till now no country has landed on the south pole of our lunar satellite. It is believed there are pockets of frozen water(Ice) on the southern side, which is often not visible from our surface here on Earth. Thereby it becomes immensely important why this mission is a must-need success for the ISRO. Credits: https://www.nasa.gov   Chandrayaan-3: Revisiting the Moon's Surface Over...

Now that you know why we all agree there might have been a big bang, let’s focus on what it means. If the observations show that the universe is expanding, reversing this expansion leads to a contraction of all matter to a single point, which is called a singularity. So the question you might ask is, What is a Singularity then? Unveiling Singularity A singularity is essentially a region in space-time where all the matter is highly concentrated. They are crushed so much that even the gravitational laws explained by the general theory of relativity break down. It is a point where the volume of the space is zero but the density infinite. One can find such a singularity in the core of the black holes, which are formed during the end of a star’s lifecycle. We will talk in detail about that later. General Relativity demands the universe to start from such a singularity. Primordial Universe: Early Moments and Temperatures As the universe is constantly expanding its temperature cools down ever...

Have you ever pondered the origins of the universe? The questions surrounding its inception, the unfolding of events, and the nature of its boundaries are thought-provoking and complex. Let's embark on a captivating exploration, step by step, beginning with the momentous revelation of the Big Bang theory. The Red-Shifted Spectra: A Glimpse into Cosmic Motion In the 1920s, scientists embarked on an astronomical journey that would revolutionize our understanding of the cosmos. Through the study of star spectra, researchers unveiled a significant phenomenon: redshift. As galaxies' spectra exhibited redshifts, indicating their movement away from us, a new perspective emerged. This revelation challenged the prevailing static model of the universe. Hubble's Revelation and Cosmic Expansion The findings of astronomer Edwin Hubble lent credence to the dynamic nature of the universe. His meticulous observations and calculations showcased a consistent pattern: the redshift of galaxies...